The Untamed Nature of South Selçuklu Forest
South Selçuklu Forest is one of the last remaining stretches of untouched wilderness in the world. Located in the western part of the Black Sea region of northern Turkey, the forest is home to a wide variety of wildlife, including endangered species. The area is part of the Central Black Sea Forests, a network of protected areas critical for the health of endemic species, such as the wild boar, red deer, beech marten and the endangered Akçaabat trout.
The forest is characterized by a predominantly evergreen landscape, with dense stands of longleaf pine trees and an abundance of wildflowers, ferns and mosses. Spread across the entire area, the old-growth forests provide a natural habitat for a variety of birds, mammals and reptiles, including bears, wolves, goblins, lynxes and wild cats. Some species, such as the white-tailed eagle, are particularly rare and are only found in small, isolated pockets in South Selçuklu Forest.
Flora and Fauna
The flora in South Selçuklu is diverse and of remarkable vibrancy and complexity. With more than 1258 plant species, including 973 endemics, the area is a hotspot for biodiversity and is known for yielding many new plant species. This includes the critically endangered wild apricot, an evergreen shrub that grows solely in south-eastern Turkey.
Fauna in the area is equally unique with 86 species of mammal and 268 species of bird, many of which are considered threatened or endangered. These include wildcat, badger, bear, long-eared owl and the Mediterranean monk seal. In addition to the mammals and birds, there are also 27 species of reptile, 87 species of fish, three species of amphibian, numerous species of invertebrates and a variety of other wildlife that can be found in the area.
Wildlife and Human Interaction
The ecology of South Selçuklu Forest is constantly being shaped by the people living in the area and their relationship with the wildlife. The forest has long been used by the local people for hunting and gathering, but the traditional activities are now heavily regulated by the government, with restrictions on the type and number of animals that can be killed, and the season in which hunting is allowed.
The government has also introduced measures to increase the population of some species. Reintroduction programs, for example, have been launched for the once-endangered monk seal, and a strict ban on poaching has seen the population of roe deer increase significantly over the past few years. This balance of human and nature results in a unique and diverse ecosystem.
Protected Areas
South Selçuklu Forest is surrounded by a number of national parks, which form an important part of the Central Black Sea Forests. These protected areas are home to a rich array of species, including many endangered and declining species. The parks have also become important refuges for migrating birds, including the white stork, great bustard and the critically endangered imperial eagle.
In addition to the parks, there are also numerous nature reserves located throughout the area, all of which are important for maintaining the health and diversity of the ecosystems. These reserves have become increasingly important as the land is used more and more for intensive agricultural and industrial activities.
Cultural History
The forests of South Selçuklu also hold a great deal of cultural significance. The area is commonly referred to as the ‘forest with a thousand stories’, owing to its long and varied history. Evidence of human settlement can be found from many centuries ago, with the remains of ancient villages and fortresses scattered among the trees.
The area is also home to numerous sacred sites, where the local people would gather for religious festivals and ceremonies. Many of these sites remain to this day, and the local people continue to practice their beliefs and customs in accordance with their traditional way of life.
Conclusion
South Selçuklu Forest is an example of an area of unspoiled wilderness, where nature and human interaction exist side by side in harmony. The area is home to a remarkable array of flora and fauna, which are preserved by the numerous protected parks and nature reserves. In addition to its unique biodiversity, the forests also hold great importance for the local communities, with ancient sites and traditions continuing to this day.